Pansies: planting, do-it-yourself care in a pot at home and in the open ground, when to plant seeds, seedlings, how to grow when a plant is blooming, what should I do in autumn?

Pansies occupy a special place among the most beautiful early cultivated plants. Their colors can be very different - the combination of colors is really incredible.

A distinctive feature of the flower is that in the center there is a spot of unusual color and shape.

Consider the following questions: how to grow strong seedlings; when to plant in the open ground. And also, what diseases are often found when caring for a viola.

Do it yourself

After you select the right variety, you need to think about a transplant. A flower is planted on a flower bed with seeds or seedlings. If you want to plant flowers on the flowerbed as early as possible, then you need to grow them by seedling method. In the second year, early flowering will allow planting seeds in the ground and gentle care of the plant. The flower is planted in May, making small holes to a depth of 1 cm. In each of them put 2-3 seeds.

After the seeds are sprinkled with earth, watered, mulched to preserve moisture.

On a note. The first flowers can be seen 20 days after planting, namely at the beginning of summer.

Having decided to grow viola seedlings, it will be possible to see seedlings much earlier. Many gardeners are afraid to grow this plant, so they buy ready-made seedlings in the store. But you can prepare the material for planting yourself.

Seed cultivation

Next, we will look at how to grow a flower from seeds.when to plant and transplant a plant.
Follow these guidelines:

Prepare containers that contain leaf and turf soil. The second half is occupied by rotted compost.
Before planting, it is important to disinfect the ground with a fungicide. After drying, you need to make small grooves and put seeds there, and then sprinkle them with soil. Pots with seedlings place the house in a dark place.
The first shoots are noticeable after 2 weeks. When they make themselves felt, you need to put flowers in the sun. The temperature should be above 10 degrees.
When more than 2 leaves appear on plants, they need to be transplanted in containers. After they can be laid out on the balcony.
Every week, fertilize the plant with flower fertilizer - the best solution is to choose the one that is suitable for violets.
In May, seedlings are planted in open ground.

How to grow?

On sale there is a special primer for violets. A good planting option would be to use peat tablets, which are placed in plastic glasses. However, if you intend to breed flowers on the site, then such techniques will lead to high costs.

The soil must be fertile and moist. As for the soil, sandy water does not hold well, and stony ones are not suitable for growing a flower.

Attention! Every day you need to ventilate the containers. To do this, raise the film and shift the glass.

Otherwise, mold will appear on the soil. The transplant is made in clay pots. This is done 1.5 months after pansies have been planted. During this period, rooting of seedlings is carried out.

When growing seeds, fertilizers are applied under developed bushes, because the soil is fed immediately before seeds are placed in it. In this case, a good option would be the drug Kemira, which is diluted in water and introduced into the soil during irrigation.

Ground embedment

Preparing for seed germination. The first option is a traditional incorporation into the ground. According to this scheme, it is believed that the sprouts will sprout in the dark:

Soil need to be scoured with fingers to a depth of 1 cm.
In the grooves put the seeds and sprinkle them. After they are watered with water and cover the container with a film in order to create a humid microclimate.
2 times a day for 10 minutes you need to open this mini-greenhouse and ventilate the soil. If this is not done, mold will form on the soil.
Containers with seedlings are placed in a warm place. Lighting does not play such an important role before sprouts appear. You can put the container in a dark pantry or on the windowsill. In this case, the sprouts will appear faster.

There is one important point - the viola by its nature grows in the dark, therefore, after sowing in a container with seeds, you need to wait until the first shoots appear. It is important to moisten it with warm water and cover it with cardboard.

The necessary conditions

Note! The main condition for seed germination and strong seedlings is good lighting.

When there is little light, the seedlings become weak, pale, elongated. Ideal are 14-16 hours of bright light every day. This is slightly more than adult plants require.

To ensure good lighting use ultraviolet lamps. Often seeds germinate at a temperature of 15-18 degrees. It is worth considering that at lower temperatures, the growth process will slow down, but the seedlings will be hardy, strong, seasoned.

The soil should not dry out, but water stagnation should not be allowed. The substrate must be moist, watering and spraying is carried out from the spray gun. The grown plants are watered from a watering can with water at room temperature. Adult seedlings should be watered from the pan - this will ensure the rapid development of the root system.

Features

Viola is an unpretentious and hardy plant, characterized by good flowering. It can be planted in lighted areas, and reproduction is carried out by self-sowing. Pansies grow on non-greasy, fertile soils. When grown in a shaded area, the flowers become very small. Features of care consist in observing the following steps:

Moderate watering without waterlogging.
Two-time fertilizer fertilizing.
Loosening the soil and weeding.

Seedlings

The sowing period of the viola is from March 1 to 10. The land mixture can be used ready-made, which you can buy in the store. So that the roots of the seedlings develop quickly, you should add some sand to the soil. you also you can prepare the soil for seedlings with your own hands:

Mix turf and garden soil, peat, sand and humus.
Sift all the ingredients.
To seedlings are not struck by a black leg, you need to steam the mixture in a double boiler for about an hour. So it will be cleaned of diseases and weeds.
Fill the bowl with soil mixture and compact it.
Seeds must be distributed on the surface.
You can do this with paper.

Care Tips

Violets grow well on soil consisting of turf land, sand and peat. Since pansies are an unpretentious flower, you do not need to take special care of it. It is only necessary from time to time to loosen the earth, to remove flowers that have wilted, to make mineral fertilizers and to water. First you need to choose the right location on the site.

Important! Viola can die in open sunlight, and in the shade the flowers will be small and inconspicuous, so you should choose a place with diffused light.

Leaving it for the winter, do not forget about the need to cover the plant with spruce branches, and in the spring to remove it. The same rules should be taken into account if you decide to grow plants on the south balcony.

Top dressing for pansies is applied regularly - at least twice a season. Main feeding is carried out when the plant begins to gain buds. The following dressing is carried out with abundant flowering. In this case, Agricolk-7 fertilizer is used.

For fertilizing, mineral fertilizers are needed, which include nitrogen, potassium, phosphorus, and other trace elements. After planting, the seedlings are fertilized with nitrate and superphosphate. Fresh manure is not applied to the soil where pansies live.

Training

Plant seeds can be sown in the fall, namely in September. They will winter in April and begin to bloom. Early sowing is carried out in February-March. Summer sowing in June suggests that pansies will bloom in autumn.

There are two ways to sow and prepare seedlings:

Sowing in the soil, which includes humus and peat. Pots put in a warm place. They need to be covered with a film, and then raise it every day.
When sowing into the soil, grooves are made with a width of 0.5 cm and a distance between them of 2 cm. Sowing is covered with a film and kept closed, periodically ventilating the area.

Seedlings germinate after about 2 weeks, however, sometimes this happens later - it all depends on the type of seed. How to plant seedlings when planting in the soil?

You can use the cuttings method:

Green shoots are cut from the bush.
They are planted in the shade at a depth of 1 cm, and then watered.
Roots appear after 4 weeks.

In the open ground

After planting in open ground, seedlings need to be slightly loosened and systematically hydrate. Top dressing will get rid of harmful insects.

Reference. During the period of abundant flowering, it is necessary to remove buds that have faded - it is important to give new buds the opportunity to develop.

This procedure will prevent the fruiting of plants after which pansies stop growing.

When do they bloom?

Often plants are planted in spring. In this case, it will be possible to transfer them to the ground in late June or early July. Seedlings appear after 2 weeks. At the end of August, you can proceed to dive seedlings - to plant plants at a distance of 20 cm from each other.

If you cut the plant in spring, pansies will bloom in the summer. If you do this in the fall, then flowering will occur in the spring of next year.

If you plant in May, the viola will bloom in the fall, and this can adversely affect the wintering - plants do not tolerate frosts. In winter, young plantings are covered with mulch to avoid bulging seedlings.

Diseases

These include:

Plants are pulledand flowering is reduced. This is due to an excess of nitrogen in the soil. The best solution is to use complex fertilizers in which there are trace elements that enhance decorativeness and enhance immunity.
Aphid. She sucks the juice from the plant. It is important to spray the plants with the infusion of husk onions.
Gray rot. Leaves, flowers and stems are affected. It is necessary to spray plants with copper chloride.
Spotting. Such a disease leads to the death of leaves. The plant loses its decorativeness and blooms not so abundantly. The method of struggle is the same as with gray rot.
Fungus. The root system rots, so it is important to decontaminate the soil and set the watering mode.
Powdery Mildew She appears on buds, stems and leaves. The affected areas dry out, and the flowering time does not become so intense. Calcined soda with soap, a solution of a copper-soap preparation will help to overcome this.

As you can see, pansies are an incredibly beautiful flower that must certainly take place on the windowsill of your house or in the garden. He will delight with his beauty for a long time, if you provide him with the right conditions and good care.