The purple miracle in your garden is wisteria. Outdoor cultivation and care

Wisteria - a liana with a fragrant aroma easily turns the garden into a work of landscape design art. The exotic guest is a tall tree-like climbing plant with large tassels of the legume family. Blooming wisteria brushes form a waterfall. An adult plant reaches 15-20 meters in height. The second name for Wisteria is Wisteria.

Wisteria hails from China and Japan, and is growing in the southern United States. In central Russia, only certain varieties take root in the open ground. But, knowing the peculiarities of cultivation and care in the Russian climate, you can succeed and create an exquisite garden of paradise on a suburban area.

Varieties for the garden with a photo

Wisteria, a member of the genus dendroid climbing plants, adores a warm climate. Thanks to the efforts of breeders, varieties of wisteria appeared that can withstand low temperatures.

Nine species of wisteria are known, but only three are grown in the open ground of our climatic zone: Chinese wisteria, plentiful blooming wisteria or floribunda and shrub.

Chinese

Briefly describe the popular varieties of Chinese Wisteria, which are planted in open ground. This wisteria is distinguished by a large number of varieties with different shades of inflorescences.

• Wisteria "Chinese Blue Sapphire" with purple flowers grows 15-20 meters in height.
• Alba - a decorative perennial liana with bunches of snow-white flowers, shoots grow up to 25 meters in length, blooms twice a season.
• Proliferation - A variety of blooming wisteria with lilac flowers.
• Sierra Madre - Wisteria with lilac-violet flowers, blooms earlier than other varieties.
• "Captivity" - Wisteria became famous for terry flowers of violet color.

Multi-flowered

Wisteria multiflorous (floribunda) - a type of wisteria is more frost-resistant than Chinese. It blooms 2-3 weeks later. In height, lianas of this variety reach 8-10 meters.

Popular varieties:

• "Celestine" - with lilac-blue flowers.
• "Multiyuga" - with lilac-blue flowers with a yellow base.
• Rosea - white-pink wisteria with flowers up to 45 cm.
• Royal Pearl - with purple-violet flowers.

Shrubbery

Shrub wisteria is known as American, the homeland is USA. Shrub wisteria successfully grown in Russia, Belarus and Ukraine.

Wisteria wintering

The issue of wintering by the southern beauty is partially solved by a correctly selected variety for the climatic zone. Do not grow Chinese Wisteria in the Moscow Region, it will die or flowering will be sparse. Take a look at the frost-resistant Blue Moon.

How to survive the winter: choose the right variety for your climate and follow the planting dates. Remember: Wisteria is planted and transplanted in the spring!

Speaking of landing in the spring, we clarify that seedlings are planted in late autumn. The grown seedlings are planted in open ground in spring at an air temperature of at least 20-22 degrees. Some gardeners plant seeds in open ground in the spring, grow seedlings during the summer, caring for them, like adult plants. Seed germination is low - 25%.

How to choose the right place for the plant?

Where is it best to plant a plant on the site? In order for Wisteria to feel comfortable and enjoy lush flowering, be guided by the following rules:

• Choose a spacious place on the site, the plant grows rapidly.
• A place with good lighting is needed, 5-6 hours a day, the liana should be exposed to direct sunlight.
• Protect from drafts and strong winds, position wisteria near the south wall of the house.
• Consider the compositional plan of the site and use wisteria to decorate the walls of the house, arbors and terraces.
• Pick up nutrient and loose soil, slightly alkaline with a minimum content of lime with good drainage is suitable. Avoid landing in a swampy area.

Growing methods

In open ground, wisteria is grown in four ways: seeds, grafting, horizontal layering, cuttings.

Seeds

1. We sow seeds at the end of November in the greenhouse or in containers in the house.
2. Soil for seedlings: we take peat, humus and sod land in a ratio of 1: 1: 3. The topsoil is sand.
3. Sow the seeds to a depth of 4 cm.
4. Moisten the crops and cover with foil.
5. Create shaded conditions for seed germination.
6. Ventilate and moisturize regularly.
7. After a month, the first shoots appear, grow in partial shade.
8. Before transplanting into the open ground, the seedlings are tempered, left for a day in the garden.
9. Choose a good place for wisteria, guided by the rules described above.
10. Seedlings are planted in warm soil in the spring, soil temperature 20-22 degrees.
11. The recess for the plant is 50 cm, the diameter of the hole is 60 cm.
12. Transplant into the hole, carefully removing the seedling with an earthen lump from the pot.
13. Mix the soil with humus, add mineral fertilizers, sand.
14. Plant seedlings at a distance of 50 cm.

You can not plant wisteria near the gardensince it is poisonous.

About growing wisteria from seeds, more information here.

Vaccinated

Vaccination is the most time-consuming method of reproduction. To grow in this way, you must:

1. Grow seedlings of non-sorted wisteria from seeds and transplant them into the ground.
2. As soon as the roots reach a width of 6 mm, start vaccination.
3. Dig seedlings in autumn and separate the roots from the stem.
4. Place the roots in sand containers and place in a cool dark place.
5. Before the New Year, the seedlings are placed in heat, in two weeks, be vaccinated.
6. Cuttings 6 cm in length should have several matured buds.
7. Above the lower kidney, make a cut of 2-3 cm, the same cut is done on off-grade roots.
8. Connect the plants in the place of cut and fasten with adhesive tape.
9. Immerse two wisteria in the prepared special soil to the level of inoculation and cover with a film.
10. Wait for shoots from axillary buds.

In spring, plant a plant in open ground, the principles of planting wisteria in the soil, as with transplanting seedlings from seeds.

Horizontal layering

This method of reproduction is popular, as planting in open ground does not require special knowledge, as is the case with vaccination.

1. Spread by layering in the spring until foliage appears.
2. On an adult plant, select a healthy shoot closer to the ground.
3. With a sharp knife in the middle of the length, make an oblique incision on the lay.
4. Treat the incision with indolyl acetic acid.
5. Prepare containers with a special soil mixture, as for seedlings with seeds.
6. Lay cuttings on containers with notches down, sprinkle with soil so that only the tops remain on the surface.

By the end of summer, the roots will have strong roots, but you can plant them from the mother bush next spring.

Cuttings

Cuttings are the easiest way to propagate wisteria:

1. To get the cuttings in early spring, take a few last year's shoots and make oblique cuts on them under the kidneys.
2. The cut site is planted in a pot.
3. Tie the top of the shoot to the support for reinforcement.
4. At the end of summer, the shoot will have roots for transplantation.
5. Next spring, transfer the stalk to a new place.

The principles of planting wisteria cuttings in the ground are almost the same as when transplanting seedlings from seeds. The difference is the diameter of the hole reaches 70 cm.

Care after landing

If you take into account the recommendations for the selection of varieties, planting sites, soil selection, then care for wisteria is simple. Follow the recommendations:

• after planting, mulch the seedling above the root neck by 10-12 cm;
• a peat mulch layer in the summer will save the roots from overheating and drying out, and in the winter from the cold;
• water 2-3 times a week;
• regularly feed with mineral fertilizers;
• spray, the plant loves moisture, but avoid waterlogging so that the roots do not rot;
• trim new shoots to form a beautiful crown.

Use in landscape design

Using wisteria in garden design is easy. Choose the desired variety, look after the wisteria and you get a purple tale! Wisteria wraps around any structure: gazebo, house or terrace and creates an enchanting hanging garden. Using wisteria, they make out metal arches and decorate the walls of the house. Trellises are mounted on the walls and wisteria is sent along them.

Possible diseases and pests

Despite its southern character, wisteria is not capricious, but sometimes problems do happen. We will consider some of them and voice the solutions.

1. Wisteria does not bloom. In this case, reduce the fertilizing with nitrogen fertilizers, review the pruning technology, analyze the lighting situation.
2. Wisteria leaves turn yellow. The problem is in alkaline soil. Feed the plant with iron salts.
3. Wisteria is affected by aphids or clover mites. Pests are destroyed by insecticides, and therapeutic spraying is carried out.
4. Liana withers and dies. Moisten and dry the dry soil, make drainage. Need a transplant.

Southern beauty lives a hundred years. Follow the recommendations for care and cultivation in the open field and wisteria will please your whole life!

Watch the video: Wisteria- The Most Beautiful Flower On Earth Ashikaga Flower Park, Japan (December 2024).